The Disciplines, the subjects and some typical occupations: (which often require cross-disciplinary knowledge, that is, knowledge of more than one discipline)

1. Astronomy: a sub-set of physics, the study of space, the planets, the stars. See physics below.

2. Biology: the study of all living things, including plants, animal and human beings

3. Chemistry: the study of matter and its changes

Occupations: Research, Teacher, Writer, Chemical Engineer, Chemist

4. Physics: the study of bodies in motion.

Occupations: Research, Teacher, Writer, Engineering (Mechanical, Electrical, Physical), Rocket Science, Astronomy, Meteorology (Weather forecasting), Physicist

5. Arts: studies creative expression

6. History: the study of the past

Occupations: Teacher, Historian, Writer, Lawyer/Bureaucrat, Helping professions (Social service/Mental health fields)

7. Language & Literature: the study of written and spoken expression

Occupations: Teacher, Writer, Librarian, Journalism, Lawyer, Bureaucrat, Administrator, Helping professions: Social service/Mental health fields

8. Mathematics: the study of quantitative relationships

Occupations:  Research, Teacher, Writer, Statistician, Mathematician

9. Philosophy: the study of knowledge

Occupations: Teacher, Writer, Philosopher, Lawyer, Bureaucrat, Administrator, Helping professions: Social service/Mental health fields

10. Anthropology: the study of human cultures (past and present)

Occupations: Research, Teacher, Writer, Anthropologist, Helping professions: Social service, Mental health fields, Lawyer, Bureaucrat, Administrator

11. Archeology: the study of past human civilization

Occupations: Research, Museums, Teacher, Writer, Archeologist

12. Economics: the study of the exchange of goods and services

Occupations: Business, Teacher, Writer, Financial Industry (Banking, Insurance)
Economist

13. Political Science: the study of power relationships

14. Sociology: the study of groups and group behavior

Occupations: Research, Teacher, Writer, Helping professions: Social service, Mental health fields, Lawyer, Bureaucrat, Administrator

15. Psychology: the study of the individual mind and individual behavior

Occupations: Psychologist, Psychiatrist, management, human resources, Social Worker, Teacher, Writer, Helping professions: Social service/Mental health fields, Lawyer/Bureaucrat/Administrator

You will notice that every discipline can lead to the profession of teaching and of writing. Everybody always reads.

If you haven't got it yet, this should certainly clue you in: Reading and writing abilities are necessary to succeed, and help you take your place, in American society.